Glasses in the 16th Century

The 16th century is rich in optics-related events. It is during this time that the following appear:

monocle

 

lorgnette

 

folding lorgnette

 

hinged glasses

 

head-mounted glasses

 

pince-nez

 

Pope Leo X with Cardinals Giulio de' Medici and Luigi de' Rossi (1518).  

In the painting by Raphael Santi, in Leo X's hand is a monocle. 

In the portrait of a cardinal, glasses on straps were depicted by the Spanish artist El Greco. The painting dates back to 1600. How would you look in such glasses? Nevertheless, let us not forget that glasses were still a luxury item and accessible to far from everyone.

portrait of a cardinal

Note the glasses on straps